AACR  

Anglo-American Cataloging Rules.  A standard set of rules for description of bibliographic items.   Currently, 2nd edition.  The 3rd one is on the way and expected to be published in 2007. Governed by Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR.  See JSC 

 Abbreviation

A shorten form of word or phrase (ex. vol. or v. for volume, Bd. for Band).  Follow AACR2 (Appendix B) abbreviation, if not listed in AACR2, use The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed.

Access level record
A new standard for remote access electronic resources currently in the development at the Library of Congress. See details on the project at: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/asccess/accessrecord.html [January 2005].

Access point

A name, term, code, etc. under which a bibliographic record may be searched and identified. (AACR2) Under traditional concept, MARC controlled fields (1XX, 4XX, 6XX, 7XX, 8XX) and some numbers, such as ISBN, ISSN, ISMN,  Music Publisher Number, record's control numbers.  In online environment, any indexed data is an access point.

 Accompanying material

Material issued with, and intended to be used with, the item being cataloged. (AACR2)  

 Adaptation

A work edited or changed  in part or entirely; often converted to another genre, literary form, or medium (for ex., a novel becomes a drama, or a  movie). Catalog under the name of adapter and add name-title added entry for original work.

 Added entry

An entry, additional to the main entry. A concept connected to a card catalog.  In MARC record, 7XX fields.

Added entry for theses

See Thesis, Added entry

Added entry, local

Add local added entry for personal name (a 790 field), corporate name (a 791 field), meeting name (a 792 field), or uniform title (a 793 field) for donor or gift information of a decision was made to add it.  See examples at: 79X Added entry, local.

 American Standard Code for Information Interchange

The code numbers used by computers to represent all letters, numbers, punctuation, etc.  There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a 7 digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111.  MARC stored in ASCII. See also Unicode.

 Analytical entry

Each part of collective series or monographic set described at a separate record.

See also Comprehensive entry 

 Analytical title page

The title page of individual work in a series. (CCM)

Approvals

A new books sent by publishers automatically in accordance with a profile created in a  library.  After examination of Subject Specialists, approved  books go for cataloging; rejected books are sent back to a publisher. See also:  Direct order.

 Approval shelf

A shelf with approvals.  Located next to the System office. 

 ASCII

See American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Author abstract

Abstract written by an author of work.  We input author abstracts into bibliographic records for the WSU theses and dissertations.

Authority control

A bibliographic concept required developing of authorized form of names, uniform titles, and subjects used in catalogs.  See also: Controlled vocabulary

Authority record

A  record contains the authoritative form of a personal, corporate, or geographic name, uniform title, series title, or subject.   Voyager Authority File contains nationally approved authority records and Authority record, locals.   The sources of nationally approved authority records are OCLC Authority File (search is free; the library pays for the connection time only): accessible from OCLC Connexion browser or client and  Library of Congress Authorities (open access)

Authority record, local

An authority record created by a WSU catalog librarian for the University Libraries catalog. Local authority records are not included to the National Authority File (NAF). See Authority local, policy

 Authority work

A time consuming part of cataloging that  involves creation  of controlled vocabulary: a choice and establishment of an authorized form of name, uniform or series title, and subject heading, editing existing records, and validation controlled headings.

Authorization level

Assign to libraries participated in WorldCat by OCLC to regulate rights to create and edit records. WSU library is a OCLC Member with  Full Level of Authorization.

Back to Top


  Barcode

A label containing machine readable data and used as a unique identifier of an item.  Attached by catalogers to a book cover and title verso.

 Bibliographic level

MARC Leader/07 Blvl

Defines the relationship between the item being cataloged and its constituent parts. Codes:

i -- integrating resource (new, still is not implemented by OCLC)

m - monograph/item      

s --serial

c -- collection

 Bibliographic record

A bibliographic description of an item which help to find it in a collection.  Created by cataloging staff in machine-readable form, currently, MARC21.  See also Catalog.

 Bibliographic resource

An expression or manifestation of a work or an item that forms the basis for bibliographic description. A bibliographic resource may be tangible or intangible. (AACR2)

 Bibliographic universe

Typology of bibliographic entities, which currently includes Finite bibliographic resources   (monographs, monographic series, and finite integrating resources) and Continuing bibliographic resources ( serials and integrating resources).   

 Bind slip

Indicates that an item needs a cover.  The repair can be done in house.

 Book with accompanying material

A set included a printed monograph and supportive material, often a disc.  See also cataloging policy for Book with accompanying material

 Born digital material

Resource created in electronic format. See also Digitized material.

Back to Top

 Capitalization

Catalogers must use capitalization prescribed by AACR2 Appendix A.  If not there, check The Chicago Manual of Style. 15th ed.

 Caption title

A title given at the beginning of the first page of the text or, in the case of a musical score, immediately above the opening bars of the music. (AACR2)

Catalog

A list  described a library collection according to cataloging rules (currently, AACR2 2002 rev.).  It consists of records (bibliographic, holdings, item, and authorities) created in machine-readable form  (currently, MARC21 standard).  Includes both tangible and intangible  bibliographic resources. Built by catalog librarians on a cataloging module of integrated library automated system.

Cataloger's judgment

A limited freedom for interpretation of cataloging rules that relay heavily on an cataloger's experience to follow in a decision to the cataloging standard's spirit even if no prescriptive standard is available. Integrating Resources are highly dynamic materials.  Rules for them more depend on cataloger’s judgment because this is practically impossible to describe every possible variation of the resource. 

The rules describe how to create the record and how to reflect changes in the resource in the notes.  Make a note or do not make it often is a cataloger’s decision.  The rules, which leave the decision for a cataloger, formulated as following:  “if the resource is changed, make a note if the changes considered being important”; “add edition statement only if considered important”, etc.  The same time, following some rules is mandatory and they do not leave any freedom for cataloging decisions.  These groups of core rules ensure consistency of bibliographic description in the shared cataloging environment. 

Cataloging, copy

Export of a MARC record from OCLC to Voyager and modification of a copy according to AACR2 2002 rev. and the WSU libraries policies.  Includes technical reading,, searching for matching records in Voyager and OCLC, evaluation of OCLC copy, editing, and import of edited copy to Voyager, producing holdings and item records, producing and printing labels and assigning barcodes to the cataloged items. 

 Cataloging, original

Input a new record in the local or union cataloging database for a bibliographic resource.  In narrow sense, a creation of a bibliographic record in MARC format.  In broader sense, a creation of metadata for a resource discovery and content management using multiple metadata standards.

 Cataloging priorities

Order in which catalogers catalog materials.  Depends on users requests and importance of a cataloged resource. Rush Notify,  Notify, and Reference materials have the highest priorities.  Gifts usually have lower priorities.

 Chief source of information

The source of bibliographic data to be given preference as the source from which a bibliographic description (or portion thereof) is prepared (AACR2).  For Integrating Resources, the chief source is resource itself. 

 Collected set

Series classified under the same call number and shelved together.

  Collection level cataloging

The encoding level used to create a record for a collection as a whole. Single items in a collection remain uncataloged.  

 See also: Level of cataloging, Full level cataloging, Core level cataloging, Minimal level cataloging.

 Colophon

A statement at the end of an item giving information about one or more of the following: the title, author(s), publisher, printer, date of publication or printing. It may include other information. (AACR2)

 Comprehensive entry

Series, monographic set, or multipart monograph described at a single record as a whole.   Type in the title of each separate part (volumes) of the set into a 505 field.  The policy directs catalogers to reflect local holdings at the 505 note.  Each newly received title should be added to this note. See examples at a 505.  If the library does not own a part presented in a copy ,  this part should be deleted in order do not confuse users.

See also: Analytical entry

 Content model

A schema that defines data (including metadata) structures, including the types of elements, sub elements, and values they can contain. (Getty Institute)

 Content standard

Standard authorities or sets of rules that determine the vocabulary, syntax, or format of what is entered into a data or metadata element, e.g., Art & Architecture Thesaurus, Library of Congress Subject Headings, Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, or Archives, Personal Papers, and Manuscripts. (Getty Institute)

 Continuation

1. A resource that continues a previously published or issued resource. (AACR2 12.7B8a) 2. An order for serial or series.  Publisher or vendor sends each succeeding issue automatically as published.  Also called Standing order. 

 Continuing bibliographic resource

Bibliographic resource that is issued over time with no predetermined conclusion. Continuing resources include serials and ongoing Integrating resources. (AACR2)   

See also Bibliographic universe.

 Controlled vocabulary

A major bibliographic concept which allows to choose preferred terms and use them for resource discovery purposes.  The opposite of Natural language.  See also Authority control.   

Copy cataloging

See Cataloging, Copy

Copy reading

            See Technical Reading

 Copyright date

A legal date reflected the year in which an issue is registered for copyright protection.  See also: policy and examples.

 Core level cataloging

Encoding level  developed by Program for Cooperative Cataloging with the goals to increase cataloging productivity in a response to a cataloging crisis of 90s, to save time and money, and decrease a backlog.   Records that meet the requirements of first-level description (AACR2 1998 rev., rule 1.0D1) and some of the requirements of second-level description (AACR2 1998 rev., rule 1.0D2). The OCLC copies with Encoding level 4.   A core level cataloging standard requires to catalog fixed fields completely, but allows to skip some variable fields. See also:  Level of cataloging, Full level cataloging, Minimal level cataloging, Collection level cataloging.

CrossRef

http://www.crossref.org/The reference linking service for digital information.  Non-profit independent organization created by leading world publishers of scholar literature in 2000 with the goal to provide links to the scientific information on the Internet. Operate by Publishers International Linking Association (PILA).  Maintains DOI.

 Cutter tables         

See Cutter Table (Basic) Biography Table, Translation Table, Music Translation Table

Back to Top 


Data

Unprocessed information, facts ("raw data"); in computer science, information in machine readable form (coded information, data file).  

Database

A collection of logically integrating data stored together in one or more computerized files usually created and managed by a database management system.  (MARC 21 Bibliographic)

Dates of publication (for Integrating Resources)

Dates are the problem area for IR.  Typically, a cataloger would not have the reliable information about the dates of publication / distribution of IR.  In order to separate reliable and incomplete information, cataloging rules prescribe to record dates of first or/and last iteration, if known, at 260 $c.  But if a cataloger is not sure about dates of publication, distribution, etc., data goes to 362 1_   Click here for detailed description of rules.        

 Digitized material

Items, converted into electronic resource format from any other (printed, handwritten, media) format. See also: Born digital.

 Direct access (Electronic Resource)

The use of electronic resources via carriers (e.g., discs/disks, cassettes, cartridges) designed to be inserted into a computerized device or its auxiliary equipment.  See also Remote access (Electronic resources). (AACR2)

Direct order

Order library materials from publishers title by title according to selection of Subject Specialist. See also:  Approvals. 

 Distinctive title

A title that appears in addition to the title proper, is unique to an issue, and is often related to the topic or theme of that issue. (CCM)

Distributor

An agent or agency that has exclusive or shared marketing rights for an item.

DOI

Digital Object Identifier, unique number assigned to articles of scholar electronic journals; easily transformed to URL link to full text.  See also CrossRef.

Donation

Includes both, monetary gifts to the libraries and donated books and other materials.  See also the WSU Libraries Collection Development gift policies.

Dublin core

The international metadata standard for description of information.  (ISO Standard 15836-2003 and NISO Standard Z39.85-2001)  Abbreviation: DC.  Developed for cataloging information on the Internet and WWW, but can be used for description of information in any formats.  Simpler and more flexible in description of cataloged items than MARC.  See details at:  http://dublincore.org

Dublin core record

 A record created in Dublin Core standard.  Do not follow AACR2.  Currently, is not supported by Voyager. Accepted by OCLC Connexion.

Duplicate

An exact copy of item library owns. See also Duplicate cataloging policies,

Duplicate record

The second (third, etc.) Master record for the same item in WorldCat.  Despite of OCLC's permanent struggle to detect and eliminate duplicate records, the problem still exists and remains to be serious obstacle for catalogers, OCLC users.  The problem is expected to be eliminated with the implementation of FRBR.  Voyager is free from duplicates.  Input a duplicate to Voyager is a cataloging error.  Click here for a policy.

Dust jacket

A protective cover for a book.  Includes title, author information.  Often with attractive design, promotional materials and biographic information on author(s). Click here for a policy.

Back to Top


e-Book

Digitized or born digital monograph. Searchable and usually require a special reader software.  See also netLibrary. 

e-Journal

  Digitized or born digital journals. See also Serials.

Edition 

  All copies produced from essentially the same type image and issued the same entity (AACR2). 

Electronic location & access

See  856 Electronic location / access 

Electronic resource

Material (data and/or program(s) encoded for manipulation by a computerized device. This material may require the use of a peripheral directly connected to a computerized device (e.g., CD-ROM drive) or a connection to a computer network (e.g., the Internet) (AACR2) See also Direct access (Electronic Resource) and Remote Access (Electronic Resource) 

Encoding level

A fixed field Leader/17 indicates a completeness of the MARC record.  Mandatory for all types of material.  A very important field: coded according to the level of authorization; connected to major cataloging concepts of record quality. See also: 0XX, Minimal level cataloging, Core level cataloging, Full level cataloging, Collection level cataloging.  

Entry, linking

Delete linking entry (78X) fields for formats not owned by the WSU library. 

Errata 

A book can have an errata list or slip with correction of errors that were discovered after a book was published. 

Errata slip  

A slip that tells a Student Assistant that a book has errata that should be affixed to a book in the place where a cataloger decided to put it.   If publisher did not provide a specific instruction where to place errata, place it after the title page.  Put errata together with the slip “Errata” to let a Student Assistant know where to affix errata.

Error in cataloging

Input into a cataloging record the data which is incorrectly describe a cataloged item, or contradicted to cataloging rules. See also: Cataloging errors, typology and cataloging policy.

Back to Top


File (Electronic resources)

 A basic unit in which electronic resources are organized and stored. Electronic resources can contain one or more files 

See also Electronic resource   

Finite bibliographic resource

[A concept not defined in AACR2, but considered to be the opposite of “continuing”]. A bibliographic resource issued once or over time with a predetermined conclusion (completed within a finite number of parts or iterations). Includes monographs and finite integrating resources. (Miller)

 Fixed fields (Integrating Resources)

          Click here for Integrating Resources fixed fields policy. 

Folio

A book 32 cm. or larger either length or width.  Click here for a policy.

Full level cataloging

The most detailed description of a bibliographic material.  Records that meet the requirements of second-level description (AACR2 1998 rev., rule 1.0D2).  The OCLC copies with Encoding Level I or blank.

Back to Top


Gift Leisure Reading collection slip

     A bright yellow form inserted into Leisure Reading Collection books. 

Gift plate  

A form with an acknowledgement of a gift.  Created in Acquisitions. Attached to the lower part of the cover verso.  

Gift slip

A yellow form documented a subject cataloger’s decision to keep the item in the collection and other information, such as names of a selector and donor, physical condition of the item, absent/presence the title/edition in the collection. See also: Slips.

Back to Top


Half title 

A title of a publication appearing on a leaf preceding the title page. (AACR2)  

Holdings record

Creates in MARC21 Holdings format to reflect library's holdings information on a cataloged item.  The library uses 852 (Location) and 866 (Textual Holdings-- Basic Bibliographic Unit)  fields of MARC Holdings.  Holdings record links to Bibliographic and Item record.  One bibliographic record can have two or more Holdings and Item records. For details on MARC Holdings format, see: http://www.loc.gov/marc/holdings/echdhome.html  For information on information input and punctuation convention for single, multipart, and serial items see 852 and 866  

Home page  

The starting page of a Web site. Typically, serve as an index or table of content to other stored documents on the site. 

Back to Top


Integrating entry

A method of description in which an existing bibliographic record is changed to describe the current iteration of a resource.  Also called integrating entry. (Miller) 

Integrating resource

A bibliographic resource that is added to or changed by means of updates that do not remain discrete and are integrated into the whole. Integrating resources can be finite or continuing. Examples of integrating resources include  Updating loose-leaf and updating Web sites. (AACR2) 

Internet

 Issuing body

A corporate body that is responsible for the issuance and often the contents, of an item but whose primary function is not that of publishing. (CCM) 

 Item

A document or set of documents in any physical form, published, issued, or treated as an entity, and as such forming the basis for a single bibliographic description. (AACR2)  

 Item record

A record for item that includes barcode, call number, permanent and temporary location, item type, the copy number, enumeration and chronology if item a part of series or multipart monograph.  Very important source of information for Circulation.  See details on creation of Item record in the Gift Manual.    

Iteration

An instance of an integrating resource, either as first published or after it has been updated. (AACR2)

Back to Top    


Java
A simple and widely used programming language developed by Sun Microsystems and freely downloaded from the Internet.
JSC
Joint Steering Committee for Anglo American Cataloging Rules.  The committee that develops and maintains AACR. Members includes American Library Association, Australian Committee on Cataloging, British Library, Canadian Committee on Cataloging, CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals, and Library of Congress.

Back to Top


 Keyword

1. The most important words reflecting concept and subject of article. 2. Searchable word of electronic text. 


Label

A short piece of paper with information on call number, author, title and location if not STACKS.  Serve identification purposes. Attached to a lower part of a book's spine and the upper corner of cover verso.  

Level of cataloging

Standard of completeness of bibliographic description.

See also: Collection level cataloging, Minimal level cataloging, Core level cataloging, Full level cataloging.

Library automated system

 A complex software product for bibliographic data management.  An integrated library automated system includes five modules: acquisitions, cataloging, circulation, system, and OPAC.

The WSU Libraries automated system, Voyager, produced by  Endeavor

Technical Support is available online: http://www.endinfosys.com/support/supportweb.htm

Linking entry

Entry that describes publications related to a cataloged item.  Do not traced. Mostly, used for serials. See local policy for linking entry: Entry, linking 

Local added entry

See Added entry, local.

Local authority file

An integral part of the WSU Libraries online catalog contains authorized names, uniform titles,  and subjects established by Library of Congress, NACO and SACO, and local authority records created by WSU catalogers. 

Local note

See Note, local.

Location

A place where tangible and virtual bibliographic resources can be found.   Click here for information on location and cataloging policy.

Loose-leaf service

A publication issued in several component parts, often in a combination of updating loose-leaf and bound volumes, containing both primary and secondary source material.  Sometimes, a loose-leaf service is called a reporter.  

LTI

Library Technology, Inc., the company which provides authority services for the WSU libraries.  A link to the LTI Website.

Back to Top


Main entry

The complete catalogue record of an item, presented in the form by which the entity is to be uniformly identified and cited. The main entry may include the tracing(s) (q.v.). See also Added entry. (AACR2)  In MARC records, 1XX fields. 
Major change
A change required the creation of a new record (CCM).  Used for dynamic resources to direct catalogers with intention to minimize duplicate records. 
MARC21
Machine-Readable Cataloging format are the main standard used libraries for creation and exchange of of bibliographic and related information.  MARC record consist of three elements: the record structure, the content designation, and the data content of the record.  Catalogers input the data content follow AACR2, LCSH and some other major standards. 

MARC formats design for five types of data: bibliographic, holdings, authority, classification, and community information.  The libraries mostly use bibliographic, and authority formats. 

The MARC 21 Responsible Parties Rule 2.5.1. defines responsibilities of cataloging institutions for the content, content designation, and transcription accuracy of bibliographic data.   

Communicative purposes of MARC are reflected in the Rule 2.6, which direct catalogers input into MARC records data that are applicable to all copies of a cataloged item.  All local information should be coded in local fields (a 59X note, 9XX fields).

Master record

Input a new MARC record into OCLC database. See also: Cataloging original.

Mend slip

A slip indicated that physical condition of a gift is not good, but its repair can be done in house. See also: Slips

Metadata

Data “describes how and when and by whom a particular set of data was collected, and how the data is formatted.  Metadata is essential for understanding information stored in data warehouses and has become increasingly important in XML-based Web applications." (Webopedia)  Metadata records are based on Dublin Core or some other standards.  Formally, MARC is a type of metadata, but usually the term is used for non-MARC cataloging records.

Minimal level cataloging

A brief record without Subject heading(s).  Records that meet the requirements of first-level description (AACR2 1998 rev., rule 1.0D1).  The OCLC copies with Encoding level 7 or M.

Minor change

A change that does not require the creation of a new record.  The change is noted in the record when considered important (CCM)

Monograph

A bibliographic resource that is complete in one part or complete or intended to be completed within a finite number of parts. (AACR2)

Monographic series

Identical to "series", multipart monograph.   Distinguish from serial.

Multipart monograph

A monograph complete, or intended to be completed, in a finite number of separate parts.  The separate parts may or may not be numbered. (AACR2)

Multiple copies

Several copies shelved in the same location.

 

Back to Top


NACO

The Name Authority Program Component of Program for Cooperative Cataloging.  Created to share and coordinate cataloging efforts in standardization name authority records. A link to the NACO Web site: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/nacopara.html

NetLibrary

          A producer of e-books; a division of OCLC.

Note, local

           A note

Numbering

Numbers, or letters which identify successive items in multipart monographs or serials. Sometimes Arabic or Roman numbers, or letters are used; sometimes, alpha-numerical combination.

 

Back to Top


OCLC
     The leading international cataloging cooperative, based in Dublin, Ohio.  Provides 
         number of services including WorldCat. See OCLC Usage.
Oversized book

See Folio


Physical description           

See 300

Preliminaries

The title page(s) of an item, the verso of the title page(s), any pages preceding the title page(s), and the cover (AACR2)

Processing quality

The most important value for processing is accuracy.  The second important value is consistency.   See Processing checklist

Provisional record

A short record created by Acquisitions, or DLC records downloaded to Voyager from Blackwell for Acquisitions purposes.  The DLC records of full and core levels can be used in copy cataloging with a minimal editing.  The provisional records less than core level should be upgraded to  full or core level.  If a good OCLC copy is found, a provisional record should be overlaid

Back to Top


Quality in cataloging

A major category of cataloging theory .  A social construction included shared perceptions of cataloger's work, good record, clean bibliographic database, cataloging errors, accuracy, consistency, etc. and formal standards, conceptualized in levels of cataloging.  Changes historically. 

Quality in processing

See Processing quality 

 


Remote access (Electronic Resources)

Material (data and/or program(s)) encoded for manipulation by a computerized device. This material may require the use of a peripheral directly connected to a computerized device (e.g., CD-ROM drive) or a connection to a computer network (e.g., the Internet). (AACR2) See also: Direct access electronic resource

Reserve

The library reserve is located at Circulation area (1st floor).  This is a location for  CDs and videorecordings.

Back to Top


SACO

The Subject Authority Program Component of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging.  Created for standardization of rules for subject authority records. A link to the SACO Web site: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/saco.html

Send to the bindery slip

A slip indicated that a gift needs a repair and will be sent to the Bindery. 

Serial

A continuing resource issued in a succession of discrete parts, usually bearing numbering, that has no predetermined conclusion.  Examples of serials include journals, magazines, electronic journals, continuing directories, annual reports, newspapers, and monographic series. (ACCR2)  

 Series

1. A group of separate items related to one another by the fact that each item bears, in addition to its own title proper, a collective title applying to the group as a whole. The individual items may or may not be numbered. 

2. Each of two or more volumes of essays, lectures, articles, or other writings, similar in character and issued in sequence (e.g., Lowell’s Among my books, second series). 3. A separately numbered sequence of volumes within a series or serial (e.g., Notes and queries, 1st series, 2nd series, etc.). (AACR2)

Slip

A small piece of paper used in in- and interdepartmental communication in libraries.

Spine

The back edge of a book; opposite to the fore-edge

Stacks

A main location (includes books and bound periodicals shelved on 1-3 floors and Lower level of Ablah Library classed by LC Classification Numbers.)

Standing order

See Continuation

 Back to Index


Tangible bibliographic resource

Resource located on the library shelves are an opposite of digital or intangible bibliographic resource located at the virtual space of Internet and World Wide Web.   See also: Bibliographic resource.

Technical reading

The pre-cataloging process of examination of bibliographic item.  Includes  its identification  and choice of information for a cataloging record. Click here for more detailed description of procedure.

Tracing

1. A record of the heading under which an item is represented in the catalogue. 2. A record of the references that have been made to a name or to the title of an item that is represented in the catalogue. (AACR2)

Typographical errors

A type of cataloging errors.  Can be very serious if affecting access to a bibliographic resource. Useful link:  The list of Typographical Errors in Library Databases by Terry Ballard   http://facultyquinnipiac.edu/libraries/tballard/typoscomplete.html 


 Unicode

The Unicode Standard is a "character coding system designed to support the worldwide interchange, processing, and display of the written texts of the diverse languages and technical disciplines of the modern world. In addition, it supports classical and historical texts of many written languages." See UNICODE homepage:  http://www.unicode.org/             

Updating database

A collection of logically interrelated data stored together in one or more computerized files, updated in an integrated manner, usually created and managed by a database management system. (MARC 21)

Updating loose-leaf

An integrating resource that consists of one or more base volumes updated by separate pages that are inserted, removed and/or substituted. (AACR2)

Updating web site

A Web site that is updated in an integrated manner but does not fit into one of the other types of continuing resource categories. (Miller)

URL

Uniform Resource Locator, the Internet address of electronic resource.  The 1st part shows what protocol to use (ex.: http, ftp,  www.), and the 2nd part specify global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.  The first part of the address indicates what protocol

to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located. (Webopedia)


Variant title

Often, a cataloging item has one or more variant titles.  Check cover and spine of the book.  Look if it has a running or caption title.  Sometimes, a cataloger decides to provide access point to the other title information,  or to information that appears at the head of title.  

In old records, variant title can be found at a 500 field, or a 740 field.  According to the current edition of AACR2, variant title is placed on a 246 field.


Web page

A file on the World Wide Web identified by a unique URL.

Web site

A collection interrelated files on the World Wide Web.   The point of entrance called a home page. Varies by: size (from small personal web site to huge web site of large organization); ownership (individual, corporate); accessibility (open, restricted); goal (personal, public, commercial).   Can live in one or many servers depending on the size.  Have pseudo-location, virtual address in the cyberspace.

World Wide Web

XML   

Back to Index


0xx

Fixed fields (Integrating Resources)

Leader/Blvl

Codes:

i -- integrating resource (new, still does not implemented by OCLC)

m - monograph/item      

s --serial

c -- collection

Back to Index


1xx

2xx

Excerpt from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and standards:

"Use the 20x–24x fields for the title of the item and for the variant and former titles that apply to that item. Field 245 (Title Statement) contains the title as it appears on the chief title source for an item or a title formulated according to cataloging guidelines. The uniform title is the primary collecting title for items appearing under multiple titles. The key title is a special unique title for serials. Use the indicator values of these fields entered under a name heading to generate access points and display notes.

Use the 25x–28x fields for descriptive information about the item, other than title related data. This includes the edition statement, descriptive information related to specific forms of materials, imprint and other publication source information and addresses."


 

246 VARYING FORM OF TITLE

Excerpt from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and standards:

"Varying forms of title associated with the item, whether or not the title is on the item. (Bold is mine.--S.M.)  Use field 246 if a title differs substantially from the title statement in field 245 and if it contributes to further identification of the item. Also use field 246 for tracing a portion of the title.

Do not enter initial articles in subfield ‡a. Do not enter punctuation at the end of the field unless the field ends with an abbreviation.

For items including several works but lacking a collective title, field 246 is used only for titles related to the title selected as the title proper, usually the first work named in the chief source of information. Titles related to other works are recorded in field 740 or one of the other 7xx Fields.

Multiple 246 fields

Use separate 246 fields for each varying form of title. Enter multiple 246 fields in the following order:

   

A link to OCLC BF&S: http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/2xx/246.shtm

Local policies and commentaries

 

A 246 field has two indicators: 

1st indicates if  a 246 field information will be showed in OPAC (4 positions from 0 to 3)

2nd  indicator is for a source of a Varying Title (positions from 1 to 8)

Use 1st indicator "0" (No title added entry) or "1"  (Title added entry) to let users see varying title in OPAC.

Use 1st indicator "2" or "3" to make users able to search for varying title, but they will not be able to see it in OPAC. 

Examples

MARC View:

       246 3 _    [1st indicator 3 -- Variant title does not show in OPAC]

245

10 |a Geology of Great Exuma Island / |c by Steven W. Mitchell, Department of Geology, California State College, Bakersfield, California.

246

3_ |a Field guide for second symposium on the geology of the Bahamas

  OPAC View:

Title:

Geology of Great Exuma Island / by Steven W. Mitchell, Department of Geology, California State College, Bakersfield, California.

  MARC View: 

 246 30  [1st indicator 3 -- Variant title does not show in OPAC]

245

10 |a Through the looking glass : |b a field guide to aquatic plants / |c [authors, Susan Borman, Robert Korth, Jo Temte ; illustrations, Carol Watkins.]

246

30 |a Field guide to aquatic plants

  OPAC View:

Title:

Through the looking glass : a field guide to aquatic plants / [authors, Susan Borman, Robert Korth, Jo Temte ; illustrations, Carol Watkins.]

MARC View:   

246 14  [1st indicator 1 -- Variant title shows in OPAC: Cover title]

245

12 |a A field guide to geology. |p Eastern North America / |c David C. Roberts ; illustrated by W. Grant Hodsdon.

246

14 |a Geology

  OPAC View:

Title:

A field guide to geology. Eastern North America / David C. Roberts ; illustrated by W. Grant Hodsdon.

Cover Title:

Geology

MARC View:   

246 18 [Variant title shows in OPAC: Spine title]

245

10 |a Pacific Coast fishes of North America : |b from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja, California / |c William N. Eschmeyer, Earl S. Herald ; illustrations by Howard Hammann, associate illustrator, Katherine P. Smith.

246

18 |a Pacific Coast fishes

  OPAC View:

Title:

Pacific Coast fishes of North America : from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja, California / William N. Eschmeyer, Earl S. Herald ; illustrations by Howard Hammann, associate illustrator, Katherine P. Smith.

Spine Title:

Pacific Coast fishes

  For cases there is no 2nd indicator is available, subfield $i is used (1st subfield; placed before $a)

  Examples:

245

10 |a Energy efficient lighting products / |c Lawrence S. Galowin, Wiley Hall, Walter J. Rossiter, Jr.

246

1_ |i At head of title: |a National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program

  OPAC View:

Title:

Energy efficient lighting products / Lawrence S. Galowin, Wiley Hall, Walter J. Rossiter, Jr.

Variant Title:

At head of title: National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program

 

2

12 |a A history of the pioneer families of Missouri, |b with numerous sketches, anecdotes, adventures, etc., relating to early days in Missouri. Also the lives of Daniel Boone and the celebrated Indian chief, Black Hawk, with numerous biographies and histories of primitive institutions. / |c by Wm. S. Bryan and Robert Rose. St. Louis, Mo., Bryan Brand & co., 1876.

246

1_ |i Binder's title: |a Pioneer families of Missouri. 45

 

 

260 PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC.

Excerpts from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards:

"Information relating to the publication, printing, distribution, issue, release or production of a work.

For unpublished items or materials that are collectively controlled, field 260 may not be included in a record or may contain only subfield ‡c (Date of publication, distribution, etc.).

 multiple place names or publisher names in separate subfields. >in separate subfields only if a different type of component intervenes. Enter components of "real" imprints (carried in brackets and identified by the phrase

i.e.) in separate subfields only if a different type of component intervenes.

Enter the qualification of a place in the same subfield as the place name.

Enter the statement of the function of a publisher in the same subfield as the publisher's name.

Do not enter field 260 in the same record with field 261 or field 262."

A link to OCLC BF&S: http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/2xx/260.shtm

-- Integrating Resources

Determination of dates for updating Websites and databases often is a problem. Typically, a cataloger would not have the reliable information about he dates of publication/distribution of IR.    

The main rule: the dates (260 $c) are based on first or/and last iteration of IR.   

Some additional rules are for cases when an IR does not have the dates, or a cataloger cannot define if present dates are the first or last IR iteration.  

Back to Top


3xx

 

4xx

 

5xx

 

 

6xx

Excerpt from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards:

"Use the 6xx fields to provide subject access entries and terms. Most of the 6xx fields contain subject added entries or access terms based on the authority files or lists identified in the 2nd indicator or in subfield ‡2. Field 653 contains uncontrolled subject access data.

If you are inputting Full-level records, subject added entries are required for items that normally receive subject headings (e.g., nonfiction that is not drama or poetry). If you are inputting Minimal-level records, subject entries are optional, but OCLC encourages you to enter at least one subject heading.

Since fields 690 and 691 do not remain in the master record, you must input appropriate subject headings in fields 600–651 to meet I-level requirements."

A link to OCLC BF&S:  http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/6xx/default.shtm


Local subject headings can be established on request of reference librarians.  After the new local subject heading is created, it must be used for all items which require this heading in established wording.  Original and copy catalogers are responsible for input of established local subject headings in bibliographic records for required cataloging items. 

A list local subject headings should be created. 

Currently used local subject heading:

690 __  Play scripts.

Back to Top


7xx

 Excerpt from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards:

"Use fields 700–730 to provide additional access to a bibliographic record from names and/or titles having various relationships to the item you are cataloging. Added entries are made for persons, corporate bodies and meetings having some form of responsibility for the creation of the work. This includes intellectual and publishing responsibilities. (Bold is mine.--S.M.)

Use fields 700–730 also for added entries for other titles under authority control related to the work for which the record is made (e.g., other editions). Added entries are assigned to records for persons, corporate bodies, meetings and titles which are not given access through subject or series entries.

Use field 740 for a title not under authority control for a part of the item being cataloged or a related item.

Use fields 752–754 to provide access to an item through other aspects of its content or description.

Use fields 76x–78x for linking entries for related items. These fields identify the relationship between bibliographic items.

Use fields 790–793 for added entries not supported by the other cataloging rules."


740 ADDED ENTRY -- UNCONTROLLED RELATED/ANALYTICAL TITLE

Excerpt from OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards:

"An added entry for uncontrolled related titles and uncontrolled analytical titles. An uncontrolled title is a title not controlled through an authority file or another bibliographic record. Use field 740 for the title portion of a related work that would normally be entered under a name/title heading in catalog entry form. In records for collections lacking a collective title, use field 740 also for titles recorded in field 245 subsequent to the first title.

Use field 730 for uniform title added entries for related works and for analytical titles. Use field 246 for variant forms of the title recorded in field 245 and variants of the first title in field 245 for collections lacking a collective title."

A link to OCLC BF&S: http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/7xx/740.shtm


Records for books and other formats created in 70s-80s often include 740 for variant title. Also, often they have recorded a content in 740.  You can leave it in a copy.

If perform original cataloging, use:

246 for variant title

505 for a description of content..

You can see the obsolete 2nd indicator 1 in old records.  Change it to '2'.


79X Added entry, local

Local added entry can be used for local authors  not included to OCLC database.  For example, thesis advisors.

Back to Top


8xx

9xx

 

 

2xx