Collection Development Policy for ACCOUNTING



Written by: Brian W. Williams, Business Librarian

Date Drafted: 2 October 1996

I. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF COLLECTION.



A. Curricular/Research/Programmatic Needs.

The accounting collection primarily supports the curricular and research needs of students and faculty within the School of Accountancy. Programs leading to a bachelors degree in Business Administration with an emphasis in accounting, and a masters degree in Professional Accountancy are offered by the School. Students will typically be preparing themselves to become Certified Public Accounts, Certified Management Accountants, or Certified Internal Auditors, and the collection will be geared towards these goals as well as focusing on assisting in meeting classroom requirements. Faculty, in their research endeavors, constitute a vital segment of those utilizing the collection, and their research interests will also be reflected in the collection.

The School of Accountancy offers courses in six general subject areas within accounting. These areas and the courses offered are as follows. See the Undergraduate Catalogue or the Graduate Catalogue for course titles and descriptions.

1) Financial Accounting: Acct. 210, 310, 410, 510, 800, 810.

2) Managerial Accounting: Acct. 220, 320, 810, 820, 825.

3) Taxation: Acct 430, 830, 835.

4) Accounting Information Systems: Acct. 260, 560, 860.

5) Auditing: Acct. 640, 840.

6) Theory: Acct. 815.

The School also offers small group, practicum, and directed study courses. These include Acct. 390, 481, 491, 690, 880, 890, 891, and 899. These courses may necessitate the use of materials related to any of the above mentioned six general subject areas.

At present, no course focuses exclusively on international accounting, governmental/non-profit accounting, state taxation, or the history of accounting. These areas, however, may be touched upon in various courses. International Standards are considered in Acc. 410 (Financial Accounting III). Governmental/non-profit accounting is briefly covered in Acc. 510 (Financial Accounting IV).

B. History of Collection/Existing Strengths and Emphases.



Within the School of Accountancy, interest has centered on the application of accounting theory over the teaching of accounting theory per se. This approach is reflected in the present accounting collection. This interest has lead naturally to both a lower level of collection in the areas of theory and history, and a greater emphasis on applied works and research tools necessary to the practicing accountant .The quality/quantity of works in dealing with accounting theory are appropriate for the demands currently placed on the collection. The collection also provides sufficient historical perspective for present curricular offerings.

The collection is strongest in materials in the area of tax research. Publications of the federal government, such as the U.S. Tax Court Reports and the I.R.S. Bulletin, are valuable assets.. Publications of private publishers including CCH's Standard Federal Tax Reporter, U.S. Tax Cases, and Memorandum Decisions, the Research Institute of America's Federal Tax Coordinator 2nd, and the Bureau of National Affairs' Tax Portfolios: U. S. Income Series are major assets in the collection useful in tax research. General law titles available in the library including West's Federal Digest, Federal Supplement, and Federal 2nd, can prove valuable in research. In addition, membership in the National Tax Association facilitates the acquisition of materials dealing with taxation in a timely manner.

Research in financial accounting is also strongly supported by the collection, particularly in the area of pronouncements issued by various governmental/non-governmental bodies. Blank order plans, whereby an organization automatically distribute publications as they are published, have long been in effect for both AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants) and FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board). These plans have greatly contributed to the quality of the collection of financial accounting materials. A major weakness is the lack of standing orders for a GAAP guide, and publications of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force annual summary of proceedings volume.

The Compact D/SEC database available on the LAN can be utilized as a powerful tool in auditing statements of all publicly held U.S. companies. Publications received through the Library's blanket order plan with AICPA (Audit Guides, Auditing Standards) strengthen the collection. The Library's collection which facilitates research in auditing is appropriate to its emphasis in the curriculum. However, a blanket order plan with the IIA (Institute of internal Auditors) would greatly facilitate the acquisition of material.

The weakest areas of the collection are in systems and managerial accounting, although the LAN accessible ABI/INFORM database is particularly useful in identifying journal literature dealing with accounting systems. A blanket order plan with IMA (Institute of Management Accounting), either the "Bold Step" or "Research Publications Service," would greatly improved the acquisition process for materials in managerial accounting.



II. FACTORS INFLUENCING COLLECTION POLICY.



A. Anticipated Future Trends.



1. Curricular.

Financial accounting and taxation will continue to be strong components of the program. Major current issues in financial accounting involve financial instruments, consolidated statements, present value accounting, and hedging. State taxation is expected to be given a greater emphasis in the future, with the possibility of a new course being offered in this area. Governmental/non-profit accounting now accounts for 10% of the AICPA exam, and is expected to increase in importance with the possible introduction of a course focusing solely on the area. A knowledge of international accounting standards, although they seldom break new ground, will become increasingly valuable in the future due to the increasing importance of international corporations. In regards to curricular changes, keeping abreast of new course offerings is now greatly facilitated as the Library is more closely involved in the work of the University Curriculum Committee.



2. Library.



The Library's adoption of document delivery as an adjunct to traditional ILL services will lessen the meed to have little used material on site. Almost all accounting loose-leaf services presently available in paper format are also available in electronic format. The library will move toward replacing the paper based products with the electronic equivalent. The pace of this transformation will be dependant on library funding for materials in addition to funding for computer hardware. Shifts in the teaching methodologies of the faculty will also impact and be reflected in the timing of this transition.

Access to material via the World Wide Web, or more traditional Internet functions (telnet, ftp) or navigators (gopher), will expand the "collection" beyond the physical confines of the campus. WWW access to many publications is already available. Both federal tax forms and I.R.S. publications are available in a full image format through the web directly from the Internal Revenue Service. Web access to a boarder range of materials will continue to expand. The Rutgers Accounting Web and similar sites such as the Tax and Accounting Sites Guide at the University of Northern Iowa provide excellent overviews of useful web sites. Both sites are easily accessed from the Library's Business Homepage.

B. Relationship with Other Resources.



1. On Campus.

The Library has been designated a Federal Government Depository Library for materials distributed through the Superintendent of Document. Material produced by the Internal Revenue Service, the U. S Tax Court, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the General Accounting Office provide an important adjunct to the material contained in the general collection.

The School of Accountancy provides limited access to NEXIS/NARS at the school. NEXIS is useful for full texts of standards, technical bulletins, etc., and NARS for annual report (10K) information and indexing to periodicals. This service is usually only offered in Ph.D. granting institutions.

2. Regional/National.

With the advent of the WWW, access to material on a regional, national, and international level has greatly expanded (see II.A.2 above). Both traditional ILL services and innovative document delivery services provide access to material on an international level. Since the document depository at the University of Kansas is a regional depository, it collects all material distributed by the Superintendent of Documents. Thus ready access to government documents via ILL is available on a regional level.

C. Relationships to Resources Treated in Other Policy Statements.



Other major segments of the Library's collection may prove valuable in accounting research. These included, but are not limited to, the collections in finance, management, law, and public administration. For each, a separate collection development policy has been prepared. A separate collection development policy has also been prepared for government documents.

III. ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECT FIELD



A. Chronology of the Subject.



Emphasis is on works dealing with accounting as it is practiced in the 20th century. As much of the collection is designed to be used as a working collection, currency is of special importance.

B. Languages of Resources Collected.



Material is collected only in the English Language.

C. Geographic Emphases/Restrictions of Subject.



The United States is the primary focus of the collection. Material dealing with the state of Kansas will also be collected, with minimal coverage for other states. Information dealing with accounting practices internationally will be added, but with the emphasis on works covering international accounting as a whole and not country specific practices.

D. Format of Resources Collected.



The accounting collection includes scholarly monographs and journals, as well as more practitioner oriented monographic and serial publications. Loose leaf services make up a major element of the library's holdings in accounting. General reference materials, including dictionaries, encyclopedias, and indexes are collected. Proceedings and conference papers are collected selectively. Electronic resources, both CD-ROM based and WWW accessible, will increase in importance. Micro format sources may be collected, but only in very rare instances.

In terms of budgeting, funding for continuations (journals, magazines, serials, loose leaf services, blanket order plans, memberships, CD-ROM's) typically accounts for over 80% of annually allocated funds for accounting materials, with just under 20% being designated for monographic purchases. Monographs purchases focus on works of enduring value, and not on "how-to" items which become outdated very quickly. However, test guides (such as Gleim) are collected. Lower division textbooks are not collected, and upper division textbooks are collected very selectively. Popular works are very rarely collected.

The Library presently subscribes to twenty-two accounting specific journals, and maintains subscriptions to forty accounting serials. The monograph collection in accounting includes over 3,000 volumes. In addition to these volumes, over 350 volumes of the law collection deal specifically with taxation, and approximately 200 volumes of the public administration collection also deal specifically with taxation.

E. Publication Date of Resources Collected.



Emphasis is on works currently available in print, with retrospective materials purchases very selectively.

IV. Levels of Collection Intensity.

Business Information Sources